Grafana + Prometheus: 1 soatda serverlarni monitoring qilish

Natijada nima olamiz

Uch komponentdan iborat to’liq monitoring steki:

• Prometheus — metrikalarni yig’adi va saqlaydi
• Node Exporter — host metrikalarini eksport qiladi (CPU, RAM, disk, tarmoq)
• Grafana — vizualizatsiya va ogohlantirishlar

Hammasi bitta serverda Docker Compose orqali o’rnatiladi.

Docker Compose

# docker-compose.yml

services:
  prometheus:
    image: prom/prometheus:latest
    container_name: prometheus
    restart: unless-stopped
    volumes:
      - ./prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
      - prometheus_data:/prometheus
    command:
      - '--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml'
      - '--storage.tsdb.retention.time=30d'
    ports:
      - "9090:9090"

  node-exporter:
    image: prom/node-exporter:latest
    container_name: node-exporter
    restart: unless-stopped
    network_mode: host
    pid: host
    volumes:
      - /proc:/host/proc:ro
      - /sys:/host/sys:ro
      - /:/rootfs:ro
    command:
      - '--path.procfs=/host/proc'
      - '--path.sysfs=/host/sys'
      - '--collector.filesystem.mount-points-exclude=^/(sys|proc|dev|host|etc)($$|/)'

  grafana:
    image: grafana/grafana:latest
    container_name: grafana
    restart: unless-stopped
    environment:
      - GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_PASSWORD=changeme
      - GF_USERS_ALLOW_SIGN_UP=false
    volumes:
      - grafana_data:/var/lib/grafana
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"

volumes:
  prometheus_data:
  grafana_data:

Prometheus konfiguratsiyasi

# prometheus.yml

global:
  scrape_interval: 15s

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'prometheus'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['localhost:9090']

  - job_name: 'node'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['localhost:9100']

Node Exporter network_mode: host bilan ishlamoqda, shuning uchun Prometheus uni localhost:9100 orqali oladi.

Ishga tushiramiz

docker compose up -d

Hammasining ko’tarilganini tekshiramiz:

docker compose ps

30 soniyadan so’ng Prometheus metrikalarni yig’a boshlaydi. http://your-server:9090/targets da tekshirish mumkin — barcha job lar holati UP bo’lishi kerak.

Grafana ni ulaymiz

1. http://your-server:3000 ni ochamiz, login admin / GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_PASSWORD dan parol
2. Connections → Data Sources → Add data source → Prometheus ga o’tamiz
3. URL: http://prometheus:9090 (konteynerlar bir tarmoqda)
4. Save & Test ni bosamiz

Tayyor dashboard

Dashboardni qo’lda qurishning o’rniga, Grafana Labs dan tayyor narsani import qilamiz:

1. Grafana da: Dashboards → Import
2. 1860 ID ni kiritamiz (Node Exporter Full)
3. Prometheus ma’lumot manbasini tanlaymiz
4. Import

~30 panelli dashboard olamiz: CPU yuklanishi, RAM ishlatilishi, disk I/O, tarmoq trafigi, harorat, uptime.

Yuqori CPU yuklama uchun ogohlantirish

Grafana da Alerting → Alert rules → New alert rule ga o’tamiz:

Condition: avg by (instance) (rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode!="idle"}[5m])) * 100 > 80
For: 5m

Alerting → Contact points da Contact point (email, Telegram, Slack) sozlaymiz.

Docker konteynerlar monitoringini qo’shamiz

Konteynerlarning o’z metrikalari uchun cAdvisor qo’shamiz:

# docker-compose.yml ga qo'shimcha

  cadvisor:
    image: gcr.io/cadvisor/cadvisor:latest
    container_name: cadvisor
    restart: unless-stopped
    privileged: true
    devices:
      - /dev/kmsg
    volumes:
      - /:/rootfs:ro
      - /var/run:/var/run:ro
      - /sys:/sys:ro
      - /var/lib/docker:/var/lib/docker:ro
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"

prometheus.yml ga job qo’shamiz:

  - job_name: 'cadvisor'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['cadvisor:8080']

ID 14282 (Cadvisor exporter) bilan dashboard import qilamiz — har bir konteyner bo’yicha CPU, RAM va tarmoq olamiz.

Natija

Bir soatda ishlaydigan monitoring oldik: Node Exporter orqali host metrikalari, Grafana da chiroyli dashboardlar va muammolar uchun ogohlantirishlar. Keyingi qadam — Prometheus va Grafana ni alohida serverga ko’chirish va bitta yig’ish nuqtasi orqali bir nechta hostlarni monitoring qilish.